本文考察了居委会提供社区服务和组织社团活动等治理能力与社区参与的关系。笔者指出,在讨论居委会治理能力与社区参与两者的关系时,有必要区分社区类型并对其进行具体分析。对上海调查数据的分析发现,在传统社区中,居民对居委会服务效率的评价及居民参与社区社团的经历有助于促进社区参与;在商品房社区中,对居委会服务效率的评价与社区参与无显著关系,但是参与社团的经历有助于促进社区参与。研究发现表明,在社区建设的宏观背景下,适当的国家介入一定程度上能增强居民的社区参与水平。 This article examines the neighborhood committees to provide community services and community organizations such as governance capacity and community involvement. The author points out that in discussing the relationship between neighborhood governance ability and community participation, it is necessary to distinguish the community types and analyze them in detail. The analysis of the survey data in Shanghai found that in traditional communities, residents ’evaluation of the service efficiency of neighborhood committees and residents’ experiences in participating in community associations helped to promote community participation. In the community of commercial houses, there was no significant difference in the evaluation of community service efficiency and community participation Relationships, but the experiences of participating communities help to promote community involvement. The findings show that in the macroscopical context of community building, appropriate state intervention can enhance residents’ community participation to a certain extent.