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对３１６Ｌ不锈钢进行了单轴应变控制和应力控制下的系统循环试验。对３１６Ｌ不锈钢在应变循环下的循环应变幅值、应变幅值历史、平均应变对循环特性的影响进行了揭示；对该材料在应力循环下的应力幅值、平均应力及其历史对循环蠕变（棘轮效应）的影响进行了分析。发现无论单轴应变循环特性还是非对称单轴应力下的棘轮效应不但依赖于当前加载状态，而且依赖于其加载历史。得到了３１６Ｌ单轴循环行为的一些有意义的结果。
The 316L stainless steel was subjected to uniaxial strain control and stress cycling tests. The effects of cyclic strain amplitude, strain history and average strain on the cycle characteristics of 316L stainless steel under strain cycle were revealed. The stress amplitude, average stress and its history of the material under cyclic stress were analyzed. (Ratcheting effect) were analyzed. It has been found that the ratcheting effect under either uniaxial strain cycling or asymmetric uniaxial stress depends not only on the current loading state but also on the loading history. Some meaningful results of the uniaxial cyclic behavior of 316L are obtained.