本文所讨论的“话语”(discourse)指“得到社会承认的语言和非语言材料使用的结合体。”~([1])人们根据语境使用口语或书面语,实际上是在建立社会活动,而社会活动又显然不是仅靠语言就能够建立起来的,“语境”及人的“根据”和“使用”包括了非语言材料,如衣着打扮、手势动作、做事方法、符号、工具、技术以及态度、信仰和情感等,非语言材料可以在泛指的意义上统称为“文化”。因 Discourse, as discussed in this article, refers to a combination of “socially recognized use of linguistic and nonverbal material.” ~ ([1]) People use spoken or written language based on context, The establishment of social activities, social activities and apparently not just rely on language can be established, “context ” and people “under ” and “use ” includes non-verbal material, such as clothing, gestures Actions, methods of doing things, symbols, tools, techniques and attitudes, beliefs and emotions, etc. Non-verbal materials can be collectively referred to as “culture” in a generic sense. because