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近年来,随着分子生物学特别是分子标记技术的飞速发展,花卉的育种工作开始由传统的杂交育种逐渐转变为分子育种。而建立遗传连锁图谱、定位QTL等分子标记辅助育种已经成为近年植物分子育种的研究热点之一。目前,遗传连锁图谱的构建多集中在农作物及林木领域,花卉的遗传连锁图谱还处于发展阶段。构建高密度的遗传连锁图谱和精细的QTL定位能够加快花卉的育种研究。本研究综述了国内外花卉遗传连锁图谱构建的研究进展,包括构建遗传连锁图谱所需要的亲本和分离群体,主要使用的分子标记方法,花卉遗传连锁图谱中的QTL定位,并对花卉遗传连锁图谱构建中存在的问题进行了探讨,对今后的发展提出了一些建议并对研究前景进行了展望。
In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology, especially molecular marker technology, flower breeding has gradually shifted from traditional crossbreeding to molecular breeding. The establishment of genetic linkage map, QTL mapping and other molecular marker-assisted breeding has become one of the hot topics in plant molecular breeding in recent years. At present, the construction of genetic linkage map is more concentrated in the field of crops and trees, flower genetic linkage map is still in the development stage. Constructing a high-density genetic linkage map and fine QTL mapping can speed up flower breeding research. This review summarizes the research progress on floral genetic linkage map construction at home and abroad, including the parents and segregation populations needed for constructing genetic linkage map, the main molecular markers used, QTL mapping in flower genetic linkage map, and the genetic linkage map The problems existing in the construction are discussed, some proposals for the future development are given, and the research prospects are prospected.