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目的了解南通市港闸区7~14岁中小学生的健康状况,为相关部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法利用南通市学生体质健康监测项目采集的数据,对身高、体质量、近视和龋齿等指标进行统计分析。结果随着年龄的增长,身高、体质量、BMI和近视率均呈现上升的趋势。7~11岁小学生的肥胖率高于12~14岁初中生(P<0.001),低体质量率和近视率低于12~14岁初中生(P值分别为0.006和<0.001)。7岁学生乳牙龋患率为66.4%,12岁学生恒牙龋患率为35.2%。男、女生的肥胖率均集中在低年龄段,低体质量率均集中在高年龄段。7~11岁男、女生的体质量、BMI和肥胖率,12~14岁男、女生的身高、体质量、体质量超标率和近视率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论南通市港闸区中小学生的营养及健康状况存在性别差异,需加强健康干预和监测。
Objective To understand the health status of primary and secondary school students aged 7 ~ 14 in Gangzha District, Nantong City, and provide scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate policies. Methods The data collected from Nantong students’ physical health monitoring program were used to analyze the data of height, weight, myopia and dental caries. Results As the age increased, height, body mass, BMI and myopia tended to increase. The prevalence of obesity among pupils aged 7-11 years was higher than that of pupils aged 12-14 years (P <0.001). The rates of low body mass and myopia were lower than those of pupils aged 12-14 (P = 0.006 and <0.001, respectively). The prevalence of deciduous teeth caries was 66.4% in 7-year-old students and 35.2% in 12-year-old students. The obesity rates of boys and girls are all concentrated in the lower age group, and the low body mass rate is concentrated in the higher age group. The body mass, BMI and obesity rate of boys and girls aged from 7 to 11 years old, the height, body weight, overweight rate of body weight and myopia of boys and girls aged 12-14 years were all statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion There are gender differences in nutritional status and health status of primary and secondary school students in Gangzha District of Nantong City. Health interventions and monitoring should be strengthened.