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建立了太阳能蒸馏器的非稳态物理数学模型,对其进行了传热、传质问题的研究,分析结果与试验结果吻合较好。结果表明:海水蒸发是海水温度和△T共同作用的结果。温度差是驱动海水蒸发的动力,水温对水表面蒸发有重要影响。在任何温度下,表面蒸发都可进行,但对蒸馏器来说,只有水温超过40℃,且△T为正值时,才有显著的蒸发,收到可观的淡水。高峰产水区主要在下午与傍晚时段,此时段占整个昼夜的比例不大,但是其对日产水量的贡献却是主要的。随着海水深度的增加,瞬时产水量白天减少,晚上增加,日产水量减少;当水深大于10cm时,日产水量变化不大;随着环境风速的增加,瞬时产水量白天增加,晚上减少,风速对日产水量的影响很小,但强风使日产水量有所下降。
The unsteady physical mathematical model of solar distiller was established, and the heat transfer and mass transfer problems were studied. The analytical results agree well with the experimental results. The results show that seawater evaporation is the result of seawater temperature and △ T co-operation. Temperature difference is the driving force of seawater evaporation, water temperature evaporation has a significant impact on the surface. At any temperature, surface evaporation can be carried out, but for the distiller, there is significant evaporation only with considerable fresh water when the temperature is above 40 ° C and ΔT is positive. The peak water producing areas are mainly in the afternoon and evening hours, which account for a small proportion of the whole day and night, but their contribution to the daily water production is dominant. With the increase of seawater depth, the instantaneous water production decreased day by day and increased at night, while the daily water production decreased. When the water depth was more than 10 cm, the daily water production did not change much. With the increase of ambient wind speed, instantaneous water production increased day by day and decreased at night. The impact of daily water production is small, but strong winds have brought down the daily water production.