Early,effective and continuous monitoring allows to reduce costs and to extend life of road infrastructure.For this reason,over the years,more and more efforts have been made to implement more advanced and effective monitoring systems at ever more contained costs,going from impractical manual and destructive methods through automated in vehicle equipment to the most recent wireless sensor network (WSN) embedded into the pavement.The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive,up-to-date critical literature review of wireless sensor networks for pavement health monitoring,considering,also,the experience gained for wired sensor as fundamental point of reference.This work presents both the methodology used to collect and analyse the current bibliography and provides a description and comments fundamental characteristics of wireless sensor networks for pavement monitoring for damage detection purposes,among which energy supply,the detection method,the hardware and network architecture and the performance validation procedures.A brief analysis of other possible complementary applications of smart sensor networks,such as traffic and surface condition monitoring,is provided.Finally,a comment is provided on the gaps and possible directions that future research could follow to allow the extensive use of wireless sensor networks for pavement health condition monitoring.