本文所指的常见的先天性心脏病包括房间隔缺损、肺动脉口狭窄、室间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭、主动脉缩窄、主动脉口狭窄以及紫绀四联症(法乐氏四联症)。常规检查法包括病史、体检,心电图、X线心脏片和心脏萤光透视。通过这些检查,对于这些先天性心脏病已可初步作出诊断。至于为手术作准备而要求进一步确定诊断和决定缺损的大小,狭窄的程度及部位,以及有无几种畸形同时存在等,则要依靠心血管造影、心导管检查以及超声心动图等方法来解 Common congenital heart diseases referred to herein include atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic constriction, aortic stenosis, and cyanotic tetralogy (tetralogy of Fallot) . Routine tests include medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, X-ray films, and fluoroscopy of the heart. Through these tests, for these congenital heart disease has been initially diagnosed. As for the preparation for surgery and the need to further determine the diagnosis and determine the size of the defect, the degree and location of stenosis, and the presence of several abnormalities, etc., will rely on cardiovascular imaging, cardiac catheterization and echocardiography and other methods to solve