在《罗马革命》中,罗纳德·塞姆对罗马共和晚期的文学家、政治家西塞罗的道德品质与历史地位做出了负面评价。塞姆对西塞罗的批评与蒙森等德国史家的相关论述存在着表面上的相似之处,但其根源却在于塞姆本人在第二次世界大战爆发前夕法西斯主义政治宣传甚嚣尘上的形势下形成的、对几乎一切政治制度与政治家持道德批判态度的政治批判史观。该史观在塞姆的后期史学创作中逐渐弱化,但仍在塞姆从传统政治史转向罗马史学史、社会史研究的学术转向过程中产生重要影响。这构成了塞姆学术生涯中思想演变的重要线索。 In “The Roman Revolution,” Ronald Seymour made a negative comment on the moral character and historical status of Cicero, a late Roman republican writer and politician. Samser’s criticism of Cicero and Monson and other German historians related to the existence of the surface of the similarities, but the root cause lies in the Seymour himself during the second world war on the eve of Fascist political propaganda rampant situation Formed, the view of political criticism to almost all political systems and politicians’ morally critical attitude. This concept of history gradually weakened in Semmer’s later historiography creation, but still had a significant influence in the course of Sam’s shift from traditional political history to Roman history and social history research. This constitutes an important clue to Sam’s evolution of his academic career.