诸葛亮的《出师表》中有一段引人注目的言论:“亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉之所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉之所以倾颓也。”这一论述,虽非定论,却影响深远。长期以来,人们总是推崇前汉之兴隆,叹息后汉之衰颓。然而,实际情况远非如此。纵览两汉史料,即可发现上述论断具有很大片面性。事实是:先汉 Zhuge Liang's “teacher's book” has a compelling remarks: “pro-Xian Chen, villain, the reason why this pioneer is also booming; pro-villain, far Xianxian, then the reason why the Chinese dump decadent.” This argument, though not final, has far-reaching implications. For a long time, people are always respected the prosperous former Han, sigh the decline of the post-Han. However, the reality is far from it. Looking at the historical data of the Han Dynasty, we can find that the above conclusion is very one-sided. The truth is: Xianhan