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目的了解在农民中开展营养干预的初步效果。方法采用问卷调查的方法进行基线和干预后的评估调查,在干预组将多吃蔬菜水果、少吃盐、加强体育锻炼等相关知识以讲座、海报、宣传折页、知识问答、推广低钠盐到每户、现场健康菜肴制作方法培训等形式进行宣传教育;对照组不采取任何措施。结果农民在营养、运动及慢性疾病等方面相关健康知识的认知及态度上干预组干预前后比较、干预组与对照组比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);每天摄入蔬菜的量有所增加,从干预前的327g增加到干预后的368g,但仍未达到膳食指南的推荐要求;农民吃蔬菜、水果的频率干预组干预前后比较、干预组与对照组比较,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论干预后农民在营养等健康知识方面的认识上有了明显的提高,态度转变,但饮食、生活行为习惯变化不明显。在蔬菜水果摄入次数或频率上有所增加,农民已经开始逐渐树立了多吃蔬菜水果的意识。
Objectives To understand the initial effects of nutrition interventions among farmers. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the baseline and post-intervention evaluation. In the intervention group, students would eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less salt, strengthen their physical activity and other related knowledge to lectures, posters, promotional leaflets, knowledge quizzes, promotion of low sodium salt To each household, on-site health dishes production methods of training and other forms of publicity and education; control group did not take any measures. Results Compared with the intervention group before and after the intervention, the differences among the intervention group and the control group were statistically significant (P <0.05); the daily intake of vegetables Increased from 327g before intervention to 368g after intervention, but still failed to meet the dietary guidelines recommended; peasants eat vegetables, fruits, the frequency of intervention group intervention before and after the comparison, the intervention group compared with the control group, the difference was statistically Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion After the intervention, farmers’ awareness of nutrition and other health knowledge has been significantly improved, and their attitudes changed. However, the changes in diet and living habits were not obvious. In the number of fruits and vegetables intake or frequency has increased, farmers have begun to gradually establish a sense of eating more fruits and vegetables.