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目的评价社区管理对慢性非传染性疾病患者的防治康复效果。方法选取从2011年6月至11月经向阳医院体检筛查符合WHO的诊断标准且无严重并发症的慢性非传染性疾病患者且资料完整者258例,于2012年1月至2012年12月对其进行社区防治康复管理,防治康复管理前后,分别对调查对象进行健康体检及问卷调查,体检指标主要有平均动脉压(MAP)、空腹血糖(GLU)、血清甘油三酯(TG);问卷内容包括常见慢病防治知识等项目,并对管理前后观察指标进行比较分析。结果共调查慢性非传染性疾病患者258例,其中男性122例,女性136例,年龄55～75岁,平均年龄(61.6±12.5)岁;高血压患者135例,糖尿病患者123例,血脂异常者89例。经社区防治康复管理1年后,135例高血压患者的平均MAP由(150.3±4.5)mmHg降至(110.4±2.3)mmHg,123例糖尿病患者的平均GLU由(7.13±1.22)mmol/L降至(6.13±1.01)mmol/L,89例血脂异常者的平均TG由(1.67±1.02)mmol/L降至(0.86±0.03)mmol/L(均P<0.01);管理治疗后调查对象的血压、血糖、血脂的控制率分别为89.63%、77.24%、93.13%,均比管理治疗前明显提高(分别为31.11%、25.20%、42.69%)(均P<0.01);调查对象对慢病防治知识知晓率由22.87%(59/258)提高至82.56%(213/258)(P<0.01)。结论在社区开展慢病防治康复管理工作,不仅方便、经济,而且有效,慢性非传染性疾病社区防治康复管理效果显著,值得推广。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of community management in the prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases. Methods From June to November 2011, 258 patients with chronic non-communicable diseases who met WHO diagnostic criteria and who had no serious complication were enrolled in this study from January 2011 to December 2012 Before and after the prevention and control of rehabilitation management, the health examination and questionnaire survey were conducted on the surveyed subjects. The physical examination indexes included MAP, fasting blood glucose (GLU), and serum triglyceride (TG). The contents of the questionnaire Including the common knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control projects, and management indicators before and after a comparative analysis. Results A total of 258 patients with chronic non-communicable diseases were investigated, including 122 males and 136 females, aged 55-75 years (mean age 61.6 ± 12.5 years), 135 hypertensive patients, 123 diabetic patients, 89 cases. After one year of community-based rehabilitation and prevention management, the average MAP of 135 hypertensive patients decreased from (150.3 ± 4.5) mmHg to (110.4 ± 2.3) mmHg, and the average GLU in 123 diabetic patients decreased from (7.13 ± 1.22) mmol / L (6.13 ± 1.01) mmol / L, the average TG of 89 cases of dyslipidemia decreased from (1.67 ± 1.02) mmol / L to (0.86 ± 0.03) mmol / L The control rates of blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids were 89.63%, 77.24% and 93.13%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those before treatment (31.11%, 25.20% and 42.69%, respectively) (all P <0.01) The awareness rate of prevention and treatment was increased from 22.87% (59/258) to 82.56% (213/258) (P <0.01). Conclusion It is not only convenient but also economical and effective to carry out the management of chronic disease prevention and rehabilitation in the community. The effect of community prevention and rehabilitation management of chronic non-communicable diseases is significant and worthy of promotion.