油松是我国北方广大地区最主要的造林树种之一〔1〕。由于在造林过程中没有认真贯彻适地适树原则,形成大面积劣质低产林,甚至形成小老头林,加上没有采取合理的经营措施,导致病虫害严重发生,使油松人工林的生态、社会、经济三大效益严重降低,影响了广大群众的造林积极性。为此, Pinus tabulaeformis is one of the most important afforestation species in vast areas of northern China [1]. Due to the lack of proper implementation of the principle of suitable tree planting in the afforestation process, the formation of large-scale low-yielding and low-yielding forests and even the formation of small old forests and the failure to take reasonable management measures have led to the serious occurrence of pests and diseases and the ecological and social The three major economic benefits have been seriously reduced, affecting the enthusiasm of the broad masses in afforestation. to this end,