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[目的]了解职业人群健康素养的干预效果,探索在企业开展健康教育和健康促进的模式和路径,为工作场所健康促进提供经验和基础。[方法]采用便利抽样的方法,根据企业类型、规模,在闵行区、虹口区和青浦区各选择1家干预企业、1家对照企业,开展为期6个月的综合干预。干预前后,每家企业随机抽取200名在职员工作为调查对象,根据职工健康素养水平变化情况评价干预效果。[结果]干预后,干预组总体健康素养水平从16.7%提高到33.4%,健康素养内容的3个方面和科学健康观、传染病预防素养、慢性病预防素养也较干预前有所提高(P<0.05);对照组总体健康素养水平较干预前差异无统计学意义;健康技能素养、安全与急救素养、基本医疗素养干预后有所下降(P<0.05)。[结论]以职工健康需求为基础的综合性干预措施对于提高在职人群的健康素养水平起促进作用。应针对在职人群慢性病预防素养、基本医疗素养重点干预,切实提高职业人群的健康素养水平。
[Objective] To understand the intervention effect of occupational health literacy and to explore the mode and path of health education and health promotion in enterprises so as to provide experience and basis for health promotion in the workplace. [Method] The convenient sampling method was adopted. According to the type and scale of the enterprise, one intervention company and one control enterprise were chosen in Minhang District, Hongkou District and Qingpu District, respectively. The comprehensive intervention was conducted for 6 months. Before and after the intervention, each enterprise randomly selected 200 active employees as the survey object, and evaluated the effect of the intervention according to the changes of employees’ health literacy. [Results] After intervention, the level of general health literacy in intervention group increased from 16.7% to 33.4%. The three aspects of health literacy content and scientific health outlook, prevention of infectious disease and chronic disease prevention literacy also increased compared with that before intervention (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of general health literacy in the control group before intervention. The level of health skills, safety and first aid and basic medical literacy decreased after the intervention (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The comprehensive intervention based on the health needs of employees plays an important role in improving the level of health literacy of working population. Should focus on the working population chronic disease prevention and basic medical literacy intervention, and effectively improve the occupational health literacy levels.