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随着航天技术的迅速发展,航天任务持续的时间越来越长,距离越来越远,补给发射费用最终将成为难以承受的巨额开支。因此,研发以物理化学及生物再生为主的固体废弃物处理与循环利用技术至关重要。本文综述了近年来国内外载人航天器中固体废弃物处理的研究进展,重点讨论了物理化学处理方法和生物处理方法,并分析了这些方法存在的主要问题,同时对我国载人航天中固体废弃物处理技术的发展趋势进行了展望。
With the rapid development of space technology, space missions will last longer and longer distances and the cost of launching and rebuilding will eventually become an unmanageable huge expense. Therefore, it is very important to develop solid waste disposal and recycling technologies that are mainly based on physical chemistry and bioregeneration. In this paper, the research progress of solid waste disposal in manned spacecraft at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed. The physical and chemical treatment methods and biological treatment methods are mainly discussed. The main problems existing in these methods are analyzed. At the same time, The development trend of waste treatment technology is prospected.