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目的 通过观察正常国人的颈椎屈伸运动范围 ,了解颈椎发生退变的规律 ,为进一步探讨颈椎节段性不稳定提供参考依据。 方法 应用自行设计的颈椎X线图像分析处理系统对 3 82例正常国人的颈椎全屈、全伸位X线平片 (共 764张 )进行了测量和统计分析。 3 82例测试者中 ,男性2 14例 ,女性 168例 ;同性别间按年龄分组 :2 0～ 3 9岁者为A组 ,4 0～ 5 9岁者为B组 ,60～ 76岁者为C组。测量参数主要为颈椎全屈伸运动的总活动度 (C2 ～C7)及各节段的椎间活动度。 结果 颈椎全屈伸运动的总活动度A组明显大于B组和C组 (P <0 0 1) ,B、C两组间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。最大椎间活动度节段在A组位于C5～C6 ,在B、C组则位于C4～C5。最小椎间活动度节段在各组中均位于C2 ～C3。各测量结果在性别间无统计学差异 (P >0 0 5 )。 结论 颈椎屈伸运动范围及其退变情况在性别上无明显差异 ;颈椎总的屈伸活动度随着年龄的增长而递减 ,然后趋于稳定 ;最大椎间活动度节段则随年龄的增长由C5～C6 节段上移至C4～C5节段。
Objective To observe the regular range of cervical vertebral flexion and extension and to understand the regularity of degeneration of cervical vertebra, so as to provide reference for further discussing the segmental instability of cervical vertebra. Methods A total of 764 cervical total flexion and total extension X-ray films of 3 82 normal Chinese were measured and statistically analyzed with a cervical spine X-ray image analysis system designed by ourselves. 3 82 cases of test subjects, male 14 14 cases, 168 females; same sex by age group: 20 to 39 years old for the A group of 40 to 40 years of age for the B group, 60 to 76 years of age For the C group. The measurement parameters are mainly the total activities (C2 ~ C7) of total cervical flexion and extension and the intervertebral activities of each segment. Results The total activities of total cervical flexion and extension in group A were significantly greater than those in group B and C (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between groups B and C (P> 0.05). The maximal intervertebral motion degree segment is located in C5 ~ C6 in group A, and in C4 ~ C5 in groups B and C. The minimum intervertebral activity segment was located in C2 ~ C3 in each group. There was no significant difference between the sexes in each measurement (P> 0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the range of cervical flexion and extension and degeneration between them. The total flexion and extension of cervical spine decreases with age and then tends to be stable. The maximum intervertebral motion degree increases with age from C5 ~ C6 segment up to C4 ~ C5 segment.