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对利比里亚民众和在利比里亚执行联合国维和任务的中国官兵来说,传染病是他们面对的首要威胁。利比里亚的主要传染病有疟疾、艾滋病、急性呼吸道感染、性传播疾病、血吸虫病、盘尾丝虫病、结核病、霍乱、百日咳、肝炎、脑膜炎、伤寒、拉沙热和黄热病等。深入了解利比里亚任务区传染病的种类和流行概况,对赴利比里亚维和期间的疾病诊断和防疫工作有重要的指导意义。针对利比里亚任务区的传染病概况,结合我们在赴利比里亚维和期间的防疫工作经验,建议各维和分队从以下方面加强和改进防疫工作:(1)采取综合性媒介生物控制措施进行虫媒与动物媒介传染病预防;(2)重视用水安全,做好水质消毒和水质安全检测;(3)有针对性地装备各种传染病的疫苗、诊断试剂、治疗药物和抗血清;(4)加强营区和个人卫生管理,做好卫生安全常识教育,提高疾病预防意识;(5)严格日常生活管理。以上传染病概况和防疫工作建议对赴其他非洲国家的维和分队也有一定的借鉴意义。
For the Liberian people and Chinese officers and men who carry out UN peacekeeping missions in Liberia, infectious diseases are the primary threat they face. The main infectious diseases in Liberia include malaria, AIDS, acute respiratory infections, sexually transmitted diseases, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, tuberculosis, cholera, whooping cough, hepatitis, meningitis, typhoid, Lassa fever and yellow fever. A thorough understanding of the types and prevalence of infectious diseases in Liberia’s mission area is of great guiding significance for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases during the peacekeeping mission to Liberia. In view of the general situation of infectious diseases in the Liberian mission area and based on our experience in quarantine work during the peacekeeping mission to Liberia, it is recommended that the peacekeeping teams strengthen and improve their quarantine efforts in the following aspects: (1) Adopt comprehensive media biological control measures for insect and animal media Prevention of infectious diseases; (2) emphasis on water safety, good water quality disinfection and water quality safety testing; (3) targeted vaccination of various infectious diseases, diagnostic reagents, therapeutic drugs and antisera; (4) Personal hygiene management, good hygiene and safety common sense education, improve disease prevention awareness; (5) strict daily life management. The above general situation of infectious diseases and prevention and control work recommendations to other peacekeeping units in African countries also have some reference.