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目的调查激光器制造企业激光作业岗位激光辐射接触情况,评价激光作业工人激光辐射接触强度和防护效果。方法对广东省某激光器制造企业的激光作业场所进行现场职业卫生调查,测量激光辐射强度,依据GBZ 2.2—2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素》规定的激光辐射职业接触限值(简称“GBZ 2.2—2007接触限值”),并参考2012年美国政府工业卫生师协会(ACGIH)制订的《阈限值与生物接触限值》手册推荐的激光辐射阈限值(简称“2012年ACGIH接触限值”),评价激光作业工人激光辐射接触强度和防护效果。结果被调查企业11条生产线共计31个激光作业岗位存在激光直视接触;其中2个作业岗位激光照射量超过GBZ 2.2—2007接触限值,超标率为6.5%;8个作业岗位激光辐照度和照射量超过2012年ACGIH接触限值,超标率为25.8%;作业工人防护眼镜佩戴率为39.0%,防护眼镜衰减率达90.0%以上。结论激光器制造企业作业工人存在激光直视接触,应加强职业接触限值标准修订工作,采取有效措施加强激光作业工人的职业防护。
Objective To investigate the laser radiation exposure of laser manufacturing enterprises in laser manufacturing industry and evaluate the laser radiation contact intensity and protective effect of laser working workers. Methods An on-site occupational health survey was conducted on the laser working place of a laser manufacturing enterprise in Guangdong Province to measure the laser radiation intensity. According to GBZ 2.2-2007 “Occupational exposure limits for hazardous substances in the workplace: Part 2: Physical factors” (Referred to as “GBZ 2.2-2007 Exposure Limit”), and refer to the laser radiation threshold recommended by the “2012 Handbook of Thresholds and Biological Exposure Limits” by the American Institute of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (Referred to as “ACGIH Exposure Limit 2012”) to evaluate laser exposure intensity and protective effect of laser workers. Results A total of 31 laser jobs in 11 production lines of the surveyed companies were exposed to laser direct vision. Among them, the laser exposure of two job posts exceeded the exposure limit of GBZ 2.2-2007 with the exceeding standard rate of 6.5%; the laser irradiance of 8 jobs And exposure to more than 2012 ACGIH exposure limits exceeded the standard rate of 25.8%; operating workers wearing protective glasses was 39.0%, protective glasses decay rate of 90.0% or more. Conclusion There is laser direct contact with the workers in the laser manufacturing enterprises. The revision of the standards of occupational exposure should be strengthened and effective measures should be taken to strengthen the occupational protection of laser workers.