全球气候变暖趋势明显,陆地生态系统碳循环的研究成为目前的研究热点,而农田生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,由于农田生态系统是受人类强烈调节与控制的复合系统,其碳循环受各类农作措施的影响极大。新疆地处干旱区,水分条件是农田碳循环的最重要限制因子。为此,分析不同灌溉方式对冬小麦(Triticum aestivuml)农田生态系统碳平衡的影响,从而提出有利于新疆冬小麦生产的固碳减排的灌溉方式。试验于2012—2013年在伊宁县科技示范园冬小麦试验田进行,选择伊农18冬小麦品种为供试材料,确定滴灌和漫灌为两个试验主因子并设置小区。试验自冬小麦返青开始至完全成熟结束,期间平均每7天采1次样,其中用典型样株法采集小麦植株,分根、茎、叶等不同器官单独烘干测定植株固碳量;用静态钠石灰吸收法测定冬小麦土壤呼吸;收集整理已发表国内外文献中的各类碳排放参数确定本研究中所需参数;采用王小彬的碳平衡计算方法分析不同灌溉方式农田生态系统碳平衡,据此对滴灌和漫灌两种灌溉方式的冬麦农田作物生物量固碳、土壤碳排放量和作物生产过程中物质投入的间接碳排放量,以及两种灌溉方式下冬麦农田生态系统净碳值进行分析。试验结果表明:滴灌条件下冬麦农田生态系统小麦的固碳量、土壤碳排放总量分别比漫灌小麦的高出15.38%和11.43%,冬小麦穗是差异形成的主要原因;而农业生产资料排碳总量比漫灌少排3.88%;但无论是滴灌还是漫灌,耗电碳排放量均占农业生产资料碳排放总量的59%以上,是农业生产资料碳排放的第一大来源。两种灌溉方式下冬小麦田生态系统的净碳值均呈现出固碳并存在显著差异(p<0.01),且滴灌冬麦农田生态系统净碳值比漫灌高25.39%。因此,新疆冬小麦生产中采用滴灌方式更有利于农田生态系统的固碳,并且改变灌溉电能生产方式将会进一步减少农田生态系统的碳排放。 The trend of global warming is obvious. The study on the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems has become a hot research topic nowadays. However, farmland ecosystem is an important part of terrestrial ecosystems. Because agro-ecosystems are complex systems under the strong regulation and control of human beings, their carbon The cycle is greatly affected by all types of farming practices. Xinjiang is located in arid areas, and the water condition is the most important limiting factor for farmland carbon cycle. Therefore, the effect of different irrigation methods on the carbon balance of farmland ecosystem in winter wheat (Triticum aestivuml) was analyzed, and the irrigation methods for reducing carbon emissions in winter wheat production in Xinjiang were proposed. The experiment was conducted in the winter wheat experiment field of Yining County Science and Technology Demonstration Garden from 2012 to 2013. The winter wheat varieties of Yi Nong 18 were selected as tested materials to determine drip irrigation and flood irrigation as the main factors of two experiments and to set up plots. The test was completed from the beginning of the winter wheat regreening until the end of full maturity. During the sampling period, the average number of samples was taken every 7 days. Wheat plants were harvested by the typical sample method. The dry weight of roots, stems, Sodium lime absorption method to determine soil respiration of winter wheat; collected and published various published carbon emission parameters in domestic and foreign literature to determine the required parameters in this study; Wang Xiaobin’s carbon balance calculation method to analyze carbon balance in different irrigation methods of farmland ecosystem carbon balance The effects of drip irrigation and flood irrigation on carbon sequestration of crop biomass, soil carbon emissions, and indirect carbon emissions from material inputs in crop production and net carbon values ​​of winter wheat cropland ecosystem under the two irrigation methods analysis. The results showed that under drip irrigation, the total carbon sequestration and total soil carbon emission of wheat in winter wheat ecosystem were 15.38% and 11.43% higher than that of flood-irrigation wheat, respectively. The main reason for the difference was the formation of winter wheat The total amount of carbon is 3.88% less than that of flood irrigation. However, both drip irrigation and flood irrigation consume more than 59% of the total carbon emissions from agricultural means of production, making it the largest source of carbon emissions from agricultural means of production. The net carbon values ​​of winter wheat field ecosystem showed significant difference (p <0.01) under both irrigation modes, and the net carbon value of drip irrigation winter wheat field ecosystem was 25.39% higher than that of flood irrigation. Therefore, using drip irrigation in winter wheat production in Xinjiang is more conducive to carbon sequestration in farmland ecosystems, and changing irrigation energy production methods will further reduce carbon emissions from farmland ecosystems.