实验采用两束脉冲激光干涉形成瞬态热栅的方法,测量了半导体、金属和合金等固体材料的热扩散率。将实验测定值、理论预计值及公认值进行了比较,并对比较的结果进行了分析讨论,说明瞬态热栅法是定征固体热学性质及结构的灵敏且有效的方法。此外,在实验过程中还检测到固体材料表面附近空气中存在的界面波。 The experiment uses two pulsed laser interference to form a transient hot grid, and measures the thermal diffusivity of solid materials such as semiconductors, metals and alloys. The experimentally measured values, theoretical predictions and accepted values ​​were compared. The results of the comparison were analyzed and discussed. It is shown that the transient thermal gravimetric method is a sensitive and effective method to characterize the thermal properties and structure of solid. In addition, interfacial waves existing in the air near the surface of the solid material were also detected during the experiment.