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目的:研究中国青春期前BMI(体重指数)小于30 kg/m2的男性肥胖儿童和体重正常的男性儿童在步态和姿势控制方面是否存在差别。方法:采用横向比较性研究设计。53名7~12岁中国天津地区男性儿童自愿参加测试,其中肥胖儿童27名(BMI为25.14±3.51 kg/m2),体重正常儿童26名(BMI为16.28±1.45kg/m2)。采用平面动作解析方法分析受试者在正常、较慢和较快三种步频条件下的步态。采用足底压力中心转移评价受试者在不同视力条件(睁眼和闭眼)和不同站立姿势(双脚站立和双脚前后站立)时的姿势控制变化。结果:在三种步频条件下,肥胖儿童的站立期和双支撑期在一个步态周期中的比例均明显增加。在以不同姿势、不同视力条件站立时,肥胖儿童在其前后和左右方向上均以较慢的转移速度及较小平均位移距离进行姿势调节;在闭眼双脚站立情况下,肥胖儿童在左右方向上的位移变异量和转移范围均较正常儿童明显增加,压力中心(COP)转移面积明显增大;在闭眼前后脚站立情况下,肥胖儿童在左右方向上的位移变异量增加,COP转移面积增大。结论:与正常体重儿童比较,肥胖儿童的步态和姿势控制发生了明显变化。在视力被屏蔽时,左右方向上肥胖儿童与正常儿童比较COP位移变异量和转移范围变化更为明显。BMI小于30 kg/m2的中国青春期前男性肥胖儿童姿势控制能力下降。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a difference in gait and posture between male obese children and normal-weight male adolescents with pre-adolescent BMI (body mass index) less than 30 kg / m2. Methods: Horizontal comparative study design. Fifty-three male children from 7 to 12 years old in Tianjin, China, volunteered to participate in the test, including 27 obese children (BMI = 25.14 ± 3.51 kg / m2) and 26 children with normal weight (BMI = 16.28 ± 1.45 kg / m2). The planar motion analysis method was used to analyze the gait of subjects under normal, slow and fast pace. The plantar pressure center was used to assess the change in postural control of subjects under different visual acuity conditions (eyes open and closed eyes) and different standing positions (standing on both feet and standing back and forth on both feet). Results: In the three steps, the percentage of obese children in one gait cycle increased significantly during standing and double supportive periods. In different postures, different visual acuity conditions standing, obese children in both its front and back and left and right directions are slower transfer speed and smaller average displacement distance posture adjustment; in the case of closed eyes with both feet standing, obese children in the left and right The amount of displacement and the range of displacement in the direction of obesity increased significantly compared with those in normal children, and the transfer area of pressure center (COP) increased significantly. In the case of standing eyes closed, the displacement variation of obese children in left and right directions increased, Increase. Conclusion: Gait and posture control of obese children have changed significantly compared with normal weight children. When visual acuity was masked, changes in COP displacement and the extent of metastasis were more pronounced in obese and left-right children. Pre-adolescent male obese children with BMI less than 30 kg / m2 have decreased posture control ability.