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目的探讨颈动脉彩超检查在脑梗死患者中的临床应用价值。方法选取2013年5月—2015年12月收治的110例老年脑梗死患者作为观察组,同期选择健康体检者110例作为对照组。均采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪检查颈动脉,测量内膜-中膜厚度(intima-mediathickness,IMT),IMT>1.5 mm诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成,比较两组性质。计量资料比较采用t检验;计数资料比较采用χ~2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果观察组IMT为(1.15±0.13)mm,对照组为(0.64±0.21)mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率为86.3%,其中软斑13例、硬斑34例、混合斑42例、扁平斑6例;对照组检出率为28.2%,其中软斑5例、硬斑9例、混合斑13例、扁平斑4例。两组粥样硬化斑块检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论彩超检查简便,无创,能够及早发现粥样硬化斑块的数目及性质。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of carotid ultrasonography in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 110 elderly patients with cerebral infarction who were admitted from May 2013 to December 2015 were selected as the observation group and 110 healthy subjects were selected as the control group in the same period. The carotid arteries were examined by color Doppler sonography, intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured, IMT> 1.5 mm was diagnosed as carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation, and the two groups were compared. Measurement data were compared using t test; count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test. P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The IMT was (1.15 ± 0.13) mm in the observation group and (0.64 ± 0.21) mm in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). In the observation group, the detection rate of atherosclerotic plaques was 86.3%, including 13 cases of soft plaque, 34 cases of plaque, 42 cases of mixed plaque and 6 cases of flat plaque. The detection rate of the control group was 28.2% , 9 cases of hard spot, 13 cases of mixed plaque and 4 cases of flat plaque. The two groups of atherosclerotic plaque detection rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The color Doppler ultrasound examination is simple and noninvasive, and the number and nature of atherosclerotic plaques can be detected early.