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温度、降雨、光照和土壤等生态因子影响冬小麦籽粒蛋白质含量,确定这些因子是否有重要影响及影响程度对于小麦种植区划具有重要意义。该文利用北京地区具有代表性的小麦种植点的气象数据和土壤养分数据,通过神经网络方法来评估温度、降雨、光照和土壤等因子对蛋白质含量影响的相对重要程度。研究表明,影响北京地区蛋白质含量的主要因素依次有:6月6日至6月10日的光照时间、气温大于32℃的天数、土壤碱解氮含量、5月上旬至6月上旬的平均气温、5月26日至5月30日的平均气温、5月下旬至6月上旬≥0℃的积温、6月1日至6月5日的平均气温、5月下旬至6月上旬的温差、5月下旬至6月上旬的降雨量和土壤有机质含量;并针对部分关键因子利用神经网络模型制作了响应曲线以反映蛋白质含量随生态因子的变化趋势。
The ecological factors such as temperature, rainfall, light and soil affect the grain protein content of winter wheat. It is of great significance to determine whether these factors have important influence and degree of influence on the planting zoning of wheat. This paper uses the meteorological data and soil nutrient data of representative wheat planting sites in Beijing to evaluate the relative importance of the factors such as temperature, rainfall, light and soil on the protein content by means of neural network. The results showed that the main factors influencing the protein content in Beijing were as follows: the light time from June 6 to June 10, the days when the temperature was above 32 ℃, the content of soil available nitrogen, the average temperature from early May to early June , The average temperature from May 26 to May 30, the accumulated temperature of ≥0 ℃ from the end of May to the beginning of June, the average temperature from June 1 to June 5, the temperature difference from the end of May to the first of June, The rainfall and soil organic matter content from late May to early June, and the response curve of some key factors by neural network model to reflect the change trend of protein content with ecological factors.