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以氟尿嘧啶为基础的常规放化疗一直以来被用于局部晚期直肠癌患者术前缩小肿瘤,在全直肠系膜切除中提高外侧手术间隙,预防局部复发且保留器官功能。在北欧,术前短程放疗作为肿瘤局部控制的优先选择。然而,随着近年外科手术质量、核磁共振成像(MRI)和病理报告的准确性的提高,常规放化疗或术前短程放疗是否作为所有患者的优先选择的问题被提出。
Conventional chemoradiation based on fluorouracil has long been used to reduce the size of tumors in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, to increase the lateral surgical space during total mesorectal excision, to prevent local recurrence and preserve organ function. In northern Europe, preoperative short-range radiotherapy as a tumor local control priority. However, with the improvement in the accuracy of surgical procedures, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathological reports in recent years, whether conventional chemoradiation or preoperative short-range radiotherapy is a priority for all patients has been proposed.