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目的 探讨γδT淋巴细胞及其Vδ2亚群在慢性乙型肝炎免疫耐受期(IT)及免疫活化期(IA)患者中的特点及其临床意义. 方法 流式细胞仪检测80例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血内yδT淋巴细胞及其Vδ2亚群的频率,其中包括20例IT期患者和60例IA期患者.另取22例IA期患者、5例IT期患者以及5例健康对照(HC)肝组织标本用于肝内yδT淋巴细胞亚群分析的流式检测.多组之间使用Mann-Whitney U检验进行比较.相关性分析用Pearson相关分析. 结果 患者外周血频率检测结果显示:IA期患者yδT淋巴细胞比例为6.493％±1.268％,均较HC组的9.870％±1.384％和IT组的8.640％±1.164％明显减低,P值均＜0.01,差异有统计学意义;IA期患者Vδ2 T淋巴细胞频率为5.584％±1.336％均较HC组的8.172％±1.549％,和IT组的6.92％±0.883％显著减低,P值均＜0.05,差异有统计学意义.细胞计数结果显示:IA期患者yδT淋巴细胞数为(9.277±2.013)×107个/L,均较HC组的(19.354土2.117)×107个/L和IT组的(15.917±2.076)×107个/L明显减低,P值均＜ 0.001,差异有统计学意义;IA期患者V δ 2T淋巴细胞数为(8.311±1.817)×10 7个/L,与HC组的(14.420±2.239)×107个/L和IT组的(11.577±1.523)×107个/L比较,明显降低,P值均＜0.05,差异有统计学意义.相关性分析显示,IA组患者肝脏和外周Vδ2T淋巴细胞的频率与ALT水平呈负相关.结论 IA患者Y δ T淋巴细胞及其Vδ2亚群可能负向调节肝脏炎症.“,”Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical significance of changes in γδ T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),including during the immune tolerant (IT) phase and the immune activated (IA) phase.Methods Flow cytometry was used to analyze the frequencies and absolute numbers of γδT cells and their subsets in peripheral blood and in liver from 80 CHB cases,including 20 IT carriers and 60 IA patients.Blood samples were obtained fiom all CHB cases and 5 healthy controls (HCs).Liver biopsies were collected from 22 IA patients and 5 IT carriers undergoing diagnosis,and from the 5 HCs.Results Compared to HCs and IT carriers,the IA patients displayed significantly lower levels of peripheral and intrahepatic γδT cells as well as the Vδ2 subsets.The levels of peripheral and intrahepatic VγδT cells were closely associated with the liver histological activity index and serum alanine aminotransferase levels.Conclusion yδT cells,especially the Vδ2 subsets,may play a protective role in decreasing liver damage in CHB patients.