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目的探讨孕妇产前使用地塞米松对早产儿近、远期生长及智能发育的影响。方法选择2010年1月至2012年1月,在本院产科病房收治的孕28~34周早产分娩病例,根据产前是否使用过地塞米松分为观察组(116例)和对照组(215例),回顾性分析两组孕产妇的分娩结局,并对其所产早产婴儿的生长发育情况进行跟踪随访。结果在331例早产孕妇中,两组1 min Apgar评分差异无统计学意义,但观察组5 min Apgar评分情况明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征发生率及早产儿死亡率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组早产儿1岁时的体重、身高、头围等生长发育指标差异无统计学意义;采用Gesell量表对两组儿童进行智力发育测评亦未发现明显差异。结论产前地塞米松可显著降低严重出生窒息及早产儿RDS与死亡的发生;产前应用地塞米松对早产儿的近、远期大脑发育及体格发育无明显不良影响。
Objective To investigate the effects of prenatal dexamethasone on the near-term and long-term growth and intellectual development of pregnant women. Methods From January 2010 to January 2012, 28 cases of preterm labor and 28 days to 34 weeks of gestation in our obstetric ward were divided into observation group (116 cases) and control group (215 cases) according to whether prenatal dexamethasone was used or not Cases), retrospective analysis of the two groups of maternal delivery outcomes, and its production of preterm infants growth and development were followed up. Results In 331 preterm pregnant women, there was no significant difference in 1 minute Apgar score between two groups, but the Apgar score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in the observation group was earlier The mortality of infants was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight, height, head circumference and other growth and development indexes between the two groups at 1 year old. No significant differences were found in children’s mental development. Conclusion Prenatal dexamethasone can significantly reduce the incidence of RDS and death in severe birth asphyxia and premature infants. Prenatal application of dexamethasone has no significant adverse effect on premature and near future brain development and physical development.