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以砂梨品种“湘南”为试材,连续2年(2013—2014年)对不同留果量影响果实生长发育动态和品质的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:在贵州地区条件下,结果枝上不同留果量直接影响果实纵横径生长量在年生长过程中的生长高峰期次数和出现时间,生长高峰期有5~12次,纵径有6~8次,单个结果枝结果1、2、3、4、5、6个生长高峰期分别为6、6、6、8、7、7次;横径有5~12次,单个结果枝结果1、2、3、4、5、6个生长高峰期分别为6、5、9、10、12、6次。不同留果量直接影响果实纵横径日生长量在年生长过程中的生长高峰期次数和出现时间,生长高峰期有6~7次,纵径有6~8次,单个结果枝结果1、2、3、4、5、6个生长高峰期分别为8、7、7、6、7、7次;横径有6~8次,单个结果枝结果1、2、3、4、5、6个生长高峰期分别为8、7、7、7、6、7次。不同留果量直接影响砂梨果实的果形指数和果实品质等,综合效果以单条结果枝留2个果为最好,其次是单条结果枝留1个果,再次是单条结果枝留3个果,都优于其它处理。可见,“湘南”梨结果枝上不同留果量直接影响果实纵、横径的生长高峰次数、高峰出现的时间和生长曲线的起伏程度,也影响果实的单果重和质量。建议在“湘南”梨生产上把结果枝上留果量作为疏花疏果和果实品质变化的重要依据,为制定科学的砂梨栽培技术和管理措施提供参考。
Taking sand pear variety “Shonan” as test material, the change rules of fruit growth and development and quality under different residual fruit quantity were studied for two consecutive years (2013-2014). The results showed that under the conditions of Guizhou Province, the results of the branches on the amount of fruit remaining directly affect the growth rate of fruit growth in the annual growth of the peak number of times and the emergence of the peak growth period of 5 to 12 times, 6 ~ 8 times, the results of a single branch results 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were 6, 6, 6, 8, 8 and 7 times, respectively; 1,2,3,4,5,6 peak growth were 6,5,9,10,12,6 times. The results showed that the different numbers of fruit leave had a direct impact on the number of growing days and the appearance time of fruit length and breadth growth, the peak of growth was 6 ~ 7 times, and the length of the fruit was 6 ~ 8 times. , 3, 4, 5, and 6 peak growth periods were 8, 7, 7, 6, 7, and 7 times, respectively. A peak of growth were 8,7,7,7,6,7 times. The results showed that the fruit yield and fruit quality of sand pear fruits were directly affected by the amount of fruit pericarp. The results showed that the best result was single fruit with two fruits, followed by single fruit with 1 fruit, and the second fruit with 3 single fruits Fruit, are better than other treatments. Visible, “Shonan ” pears fruiting branches directly affect the fruit length and diameter of the growth of the peak number, the peak time and growth curve ups and downs, but also affect the fruit weight and quality of fruit. It is suggested that the result of sticking fruit should be used as an important basis for the thinning and thinning of fruit and fruit quality on the production of “Shonan ” pear in order to provide scientific reference for the development of scientific sand pear cultivation techniques and management measures.