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为了提高树脂基复合材料烧蚀中的热阻塞效应,同时避免因为加入过量树脂引起的复合材料脆性较大的问题,本文提出了引入可分解纤维改性的方法来解决这一矛盾。通过比较,筛选出了分解性质与酚醛树脂相似的可分解纤维,制备了改性纤维/酚醛复合材料。电弧风洞烧蚀试验结果显示2,0 mm厚的改性纤维/酚醛在最高热面温度1 300℃、总加热时间600 s的条件下背面温升比相同条件下高硅氧/酚醛低约40℃,表现出很好的烧蚀防热性能,与材料设计的初衷相符。因此,引入可分解纤维的方法是一种有效改善复合材料性能的方法。
In order to improve the thermal blockage in the ablation of resin-based composites and avoid the brittleness of composites caused by adding excess resin, this paper proposes to introduce a method of introducing modified fiber to resolve this contradiction. By comparison, the disintegratable fibers with similar properties to those of phenolic resin were screened and the modified fibers / phenolic composites were prepared. Arc wind tunnel ablation test results show that the 2.0 mm thick modified fiber / phenolic under the conditions of the highest hot surface temperature 1300 ℃, the total heating time 600 s under the same conditions than the high temperature silicone / phenolic low about 40 ℃, showing good ablation heat resistance, in line with the original intention of material design. Therefore, the method of introducing decomposable fibers is a method of effectively improving the properties of the composite material.