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目的分析安庆市1995~2014年孕产妇死亡状况及其影响因素,为制定孕产妇保健策略提供科学依据。方法根据安庆市各级妇幼保健机构上报孕产妇死亡资料,对孕产妇死亡调查结果进行分析。结果 2014年安庆市孕产妇死亡率9.91/10万,较1995年下降了87.62%;影响孕产妇死亡的主要原因为直接产科原因,占78.30%,前三位死因分别为产科出血(占39.82%)、娠期高血压疾病(占17.90%)、羊水栓塞(占15.44%);死亡孕产妇中产前检查大于等于5次的仅23.49%,分娩地点和死亡地点在县级及以上医疗机构分别为36.24%和46.75%。可避免死亡在下降,不可避免死亡在上升,可避免死亡主要原因是医疗保健机构和个人家庭的知识技能问题。结论1995~2014年孕产妇死亡率明显下降,加大宣传力度、加强孕产期保健服务及管理、强化县乡镇级卫生院产科质量建设和专业技能培训能进一步有效地降低孕产妇死亡率。
Objective To analyze the status of maternal deaths and its influencing factors from 1995 to 2014 in Anqing City, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating maternal health strategies. Methods Based on the information of maternal deaths reported by MCH institutions at all levels in Anqing City, the survey results of maternal mortality were analyzed. Results The maternal mortality rate was 9.91 / lakh in Anqing in 2014, down 87.62% from 1995. The main causes of maternal mortality were direct maternity causes (78.30%), and the first three causes of death were obstetric bleeding (39.82% ), Hypertension in pregnancy (17.90%) and amniotic fluid embolism (15.44%). Only 23.49% of the prenatal maternal deaths were detected at 5 times or more. The place of delivery and the place of death were at the county level and above respectively 36.24% and 46.75% respectively. Avoidance of declining deaths, inevitable deaths on the rise and avoidance of deaths are mainly due to the knowledge and skills of health-care facilities and individual families. Conclusions From 1995 to 2014, the maternal mortality rate has dropped significantly. More publicity, strengthening maternal health care services and management, and strengthening obstetrics and gynecology quality and professional skills training at county and township hospitals can further reduce the maternal mortality rate.