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目的了解广州市结核病的流行现状及危害程度,评价广州市结核病防治措施,为制定广州市2006至2010年结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机和按人口比例抽样方法,抽样人口比例为1:158。广州市应有流行病学调查点为24个,平均每个调查点的应检人数为1656人。对调查点0～14岁儿童进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验,询问其卡介苗接种史并检查卡痕;对结核菌素反应≥10 mm,或虽<10 mm 但伴有水疱等强反应的儿童和≥15岁应检人口进行 X 线胸透;对疑有肺结核症状者、X 线胸透有异常阴影及已知肺结核患者均拍摄胸部 X 线片;对 X 线胸透异常及疑有肺结核症状者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查,对培养阳性的标本进行菌种鉴定。结果广州市活动性肺结核患病率为201/10万,涂阳肺结核患病率为33/10万,菌阳肺结核患病率为43/10万;14岁以下儿童中未发现活动性肺结核患者,15～50岁组活动性肺结核患病率为72.5/10万～176.8/10万,80岁以上达高峰,以老年男性最高(2341/10万);已知活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为35.0%(28/80)、61.5%(8/13)和47.1%(8/17);初治活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为81.3%(65/80)、69.2%(9/13)和58.8%(10/17);55岁以上组的复治活动性肺结核患者占80.0%。结论广州市的结核病患病率仍较高,老年菌阳肺结核仍较多。
Objective To understand the epidemic status and harm degree of tuberculosis in Guangzhou, evaluate the prevention and cure measures of tuberculosis in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control plan in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2010. Methods A randomized population sampling method was adopted and the proportion of sampled population was 1: 158. There should be 24 epidemiological survey points in Guangzhou, with an average of 1656 checkpoints per survey point. The survey of point 0 to 14-year-old children tuberculin pure protein derivative test asked BCG vaccination history and check the card marks; tuberculin reaction ≥ 10 mm, or <10 mm but accompanied by blisters and other strong reactions Children and ≥15-year-old population should be checked for X-ray chest X-ray; for suspected symptoms of tuberculosis, X-ray abnormal shadow and chest X-ray film are known to patients with tuberculosis; X-ray abnormal chest X-ray and suspected Symptoms of sputum smear and sputum culture examination, culture positive specimens for species identification. Results The prevalence of active tuberculosis in Guangzhou was 201 / 100,000, the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 33 / 100,000 and the prevalence of bacillary positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 43 / 100,000. No active tuberculosis was found in children under 14 years of age , The prevalence of active tuberculosis in the age group of 15 ~ 50 was 72.5 / 100000 ~ 176.8 / 100000, reaching the peak above 80 years old, the highest in the elderly (2341/10 million); the known activity of tuberculosis, smear positive and bacteria The incidences of positive tuberculosis, positive tuberculosis and positive bacilli were 81.3% (65/80), 61.5% (8/13) and 47.1% (8/17) 69.2% (9/13) and 58.8% (10/17), respectively; 80.0% of the patients in the group of 55-year-old relapsed active tuberculosis. Conclusions The prevalence of tuberculosis in Guangzhou is still high, and there are still more cases of senile pulmonary tuberculosis.