骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)是一种获得性干细胞疾病,可导致无效造血和外周血细胞减少,有发展为急性髓细胞性白血病(AML)的趋势。其病因不明,男女均可发病,男性多于女性,多见于60岁以上老年人[1],儿童中见于婴儿到青春期的任何年龄。MDS多表现为贫血、出血、发热、感染和肝脾肿大, Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an acquired stem cell disease that can lead to ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral blood cell depletion and the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The etiology is unknown, both men and women can be disease, more men than women, more common in the elderly over the age of 60 [1], seen in infants to adolescents of any age. MDS showed more anemia, bleeding, fever, infection and hepatosplenomegaly,