一、前言 1.1 语言是人类最重要的交际工具,也是社会斗争和发展的工具。汉语,由于历史上的种种原因存在着词汇,语法,尤其是语音差别很大的各种方言。方言的分歧给我国人民的交往带来了很大的困难,也对我国政治、经济、文化的发展产生很不利的影响。因此随着国家的统一,随着我国经济、文化的发展,推广全民族的共同语——普通 I. Preface 1.1 Language is the most important communication tool of mankind and a tool of social struggle and development. Chinese, due to various reasons in history, has various dialects of grammar and grammar, especially of very different phonetics. Dialectical differences have brought great difficulties to the exchanges between our people and also have a very adverse impact on the political, economic and cultural development of our country. Therefore, with the unification of the country, with the development of economy and culture in our country, the common language of all ethnic groups is promoted