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随着天然气勘探工作的不断深入,资源劣质化程度不断加剧、勘探对象也越来越复杂,需要不断发展和完善天然气地质理论,以指导寻找和发现更多的天然气资源。为此,“十二五”期间开展了大气田成藏地质理论的攻关研究,主要进展包括:①建立了不同地质条件下原油裂解生气和高演化煤系烃源岩生气模式;②建立了不同丰度、不同类型烃源岩排烃、滞留烃定量评价模型;③建立了天然气多参数、多指标成因鉴别图版;④建立了2种碳酸盐岩和2种致密砂岩沉积新模式;⑤建立了直接盖层盖储排替压力差评价新方法;⑥建立了大气田成藏模式,总结了大气田的形成主控因素与分布规律。进而深化了下述5大领域的天然气勘探理论,应用成效显著:①创新了古老碳酸盐岩大气田成藏地质理论认识,推动了四川盆地安岳特大型气田的发现和探明;②发展了大型致密砂岩气田成藏地质理论,指导了鄂尔多斯、松辽等盆地致密砂岩气勘探;③深化了台缘礁滩成藏理论,拓展了四川盆地台缘礁滩天然气的勘探;④深化了大型凝析气藏成藏机理与富集理论,指导了塔里木盆地大型凝析气藏的勘探;⑤完善了以生烃断槽为基本单元的火山岩气藏勘探理论,实现了火山岩气藏勘探的战略接替。
With the continuous deepening of natural gas exploration, the worsening of the quality of resources and the exploration of more and more complex objects, it is necessary to continuously develop and improve the natural gas geology theory to guide the search and discovery of more natural gas resources. Therefore, the research on the geologic theory of gas accumulation in the gas field has been carried out during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period. The main progresses include: (1) Establishing the gas generation mode of crude oil cracking and high evolution coal-derived source rock under different geological conditions; (2) A quantitative evaluation model of hydrocarbon expulsion and hydrocarbon retention in different abundance and different types of source rocks has been established; ③ a multi-parameter and multi-indicator identification plate has been established; ④ new sedimentary models of two types of carbonate rocks and two tight sandstones have been established; ⑤ Established a new method for evaluating the pressure difference of direct capping cap reservoir displacement; ⑥ Established the accumulation mode of gas field and summarized the main controlling factors and distribution rules of the gas field. Which further deepens the theory of natural gas exploration in the following 5 fields: (1) innovating the understanding of geologic theory of the accumulation of ancient carbonate gas fields and promoting the discovery and exploration of the Anyue large-sized gas field in the Sichuan Basin; (2) developing The theory of reservoir forming geology in large-scale tight sand gas fields, guiding the exploration of tight sandstone gas in Ordos, Songliao and other basins; ③ deepening the theory of reservoir reef formation in Taiwan Reefs and expanding the exploration of natural gas in reef banks of platform margin in Sichuan Basin; ④ deepening the large- Condensate gas accumulation mechanism and enrichment theory, guiding the exploration of large-scale condensate gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin; ⑤ perfecting the exploration theory of volcanic gas reservoirs with hydrocarbon fractured vents as the basic unit and realizing the exploration strategy of volcanic gas reservoirs succeed.