“6-3-3-4”制是日本从第二次世界大战后沿用至今的学校教育体制,但近年来急剧变化的社会环境和儿童状况对日本的传统学制提出了挑战。对此,日本计划对现行学制作出改革并建立“初小一贯制”教育制度。本文以“初小一贯制”教育的制度化为中心,对日本新学制改革的背景、内容以及课题等进行考察与探究。 The “6-3-3-4 ” system is Japan’s schooling system that has been in use since the Second World War. However, the rapidly changing social environment and the situation of children in recent years have challenged Japan’s traditional academic system. In response, Japan plans to reform the existing school system and establish an “elementary and secondary education system.” In this paper, we focus on the institutionalization of education of “elementary and secondary education”, and study and probe into the background, contents and topics of the reform of Japan’s new academic system.