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目前地球上所发现的最古老的岩石同位素年龄为37—37.5亿年,月球上的地质作用比地球小而少,故在月球上分布有较老的及较简单的岩石系列。尽管因月球地层受偶然性的冲击而形成月坑,以致阻碍我们的观察,但仍有可能重新建立月球的早期地质历史。从月岩样品研究中看出,早期的记载是月球的台地或高地岩石(绝大多数为长石质的角砾岩),它是保存下来最古老的台地单元,月海玄武岩是最晚喷发的熔岩。现将月球的主要岩石类型及其特殊类型简单介绍于下。
At present, the oldest rock isotope discovered on earth is 37-37.5 billion years old. The geologic role of the moon is smaller and smaller than that of the earth. Therefore, older and simpler series of rocks are distributed on the moon. Despite the accidental impact of lunar formations on the moon crate, which hindered our observation, it is still possible to re-establish the early geologic history of the moon. From the study of the samples of lunar rocks, the earliest records show that the lunar platform or the highland rocks (mostly feldspathic breccias) are the oldest preserved units and the lunar basalts are the latest eruptions Lava. Now the main rock types of the moon and its special type is briefly introduced below.