一特里尔的语义场理论现代语言学之父、结构语言学奠基人索绪尔认为:语言是一个由语言成分之间相互依赖的关系所组成的结构体系。在语言的任何一个层面(语音、词汇、语义等)都有根据组合原则所形成的横组合轴,而这一轴上的项目又可和与之相替换的项目形成纵聚合轴。这就是横组合(Syntagmatic)关系和纵聚合(Paradigmatic)关系。横组合关系和纵聚合关系对确定词语意义有十分重要的作 According to Saussure, the father of modern linguistics and the founder of structural linguistics, Trier’s semantic field theory holds that language is a structural system composed of interdependent relations among language components. At any one level of the language (speech, vocabulary, semantics, etc.) there is a horizontal axis of composition based on the principle of composition, and the items on this axis, in turn, form a longitudinal axis of congruence with the items that are replaced. This is the relationship between Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic. The horizontal combination relationship and the vertical aggregation relationship are very important to determine the meaning of words