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目的分析贵州省5例人禽流感病病例特点,为今后防控工作提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学分析方法对2009年以来贵州省发生的人感染高致病禽流感(以下简称“人禽流感”)疫情调查结果进行分析。结果 2009-2013年2月共发生5例人禽流感病例,死亡4例,病死率80%,病例主要发生在贵阳城区,多发生在春节前两周内;病例均有与禽类接触史;352例密切接触者无1例有类似症状发生,而密切接触者中医务人员占72.44%;病例曾到过的活禽市场环境监测,阳性率35.7%,其它活禽市场环境监测阳性率7.3%;2013年2例病例病毒株基因序列与2012年病例具有高度同源性(99%),与2009年环境监测病毒同源性(97.2%~97.4%),为禽源流感病毒,对烷胺类药物和神经氨酸酶抑制剂药物敏感。结论活禽市场是最大的风险,加强不明原因肺炎和重症肺炎监测,加强活禽市场的监管及医务人员的培训尤为重要。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of five cases of bird flu in Guizhou Province and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control work. Methods Epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the survey results of epidemic situation of HPAI in Guizhou since 2009. Results A total of 5 cases of human bird flu occurred in 2009-2013, with 4 deaths and a case fatality rate of 80%. The cases mainly occurred in the urban area of Guiyang and occurred mostly within two weeks before the Spring Festival. All cases had history of contact with birds. Cases of close contact with no one case of similar symptoms occurred, and close contacts of the medical staff accounted for 72.44%; cases have been live poultry market environmental monitoring, the positive rate of 35.7%, other live poultry market environmental monitoring positive rate of 7.3%; In 2013, the sequence of the two cases had high homology (99%) with the case of 2012 and the homology with the environmental monitoring virus in 2009 (97.2% -97.4%), the avian influenza virus, Drugs and neuraminidase inhibitors are drug-sensitive. Conclusion The live poultry market is the biggest risk. It is especially important to strengthen the monitoring of pneumonia and severe pneumonia of unexplained causes, to strengthen supervision of the live poultry market and to train medical staff.