经济学方法论的发展经历了前实证主义、实证主义、证伪主义、历史主义四个阶段,前后之间呈现出一种内在的逻辑关系。近年来,西方学者对经济学方法论的批评主要是针对实证主义和证伪主义而展开和衍生出来的。实验经济学和行为经济学的崛起,是正统经济学方法论对非正统方法论的让步,同时也是对正统经济学方法论的拓展。 The development of economic methodology has gone through four stages of pre-positivism, positivism, falsificationism and historicism, showing an inherent logical relationship between before and after. In recent years, Western scholars’ criticisms of the methodology of economics have been mainly developed and derived from positivism and falsificationism. The rise of experimental economics and behavioral economics is a concession of the orthodox economics methodology to the non-orthodox methodology and an expansion of the methodology of the orthodox economy.