论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握广州市电池行业职业病危害的基本情况,为今后职业卫生监督管理工作提供科学依据。方法调查广州市各区、县24家电池企业的职业病防治管理工作,检测其工作环境中铅烟、铅尘、镉、镍、噪声等职业病危害因素,对资料进行分析。结果电池企业内接触噪声和毒物的工人职业病危害防护情况不容乐观,防护耳塞佩戴率仅为6.56%,毒物接触工人仅佩戴棉纱口罩。对工作场所职业病危害因素进行现场检测发现铅酸蓄电池厂、锌锰电池厂和镉镍蓄电池厂内铅、镉、锰等重金属及噪声超标严重,超标率:铅烟92.6%、铅尘60.3%、锰15.6%、镍26.9%、镉100%、噪声42.4%。结论建议加强电池行业工作环境职业病危害因素的日常监测和管理,建立职业健康监护档案。
Objective To master the basic situation of occupational hazards in the battery industry in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for future occupational health supervision and management. Methods Investigate the occupational disease prevention and control work of 24 battery enterprises in all districts and counties in Guangzhou, and test the occupational disease risk factors of lead smoke, lead dust, cadmium, nickel and noise in their work environment and analyze the data. As a result, occupational hazards of workers exposed to noise and toxic chemicals in the battery enterprises were not optimistic. The wearing rate of protective earplugs was only 6.56%. Only toxic cotton masks were worn by workers exposed to toxic substances. Field testing of workplace occupational hazards found that heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, manganese and other heavy metals in lead-acid battery factory, zinc-manganese battery factory and nickel-cadmium battery factory were seriously over-standard. The over-standard rates were 92.6% of lead smoke, 60.3% of lead dust, Manganese 15.6%, Nickel 26.9%, Cadmium 100%, Noise 42.4%. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen the routine monitoring and management of occupational hazards in the working environment of the battery industry and establish the files of occupational health care.