目的:探讨荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术检测宫颈石蜡包埋切片中人类染色体端粒酶RNA(h TERC)基因扩增情况,在预测宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ进展和转归中的价值。方法:收集55例CINⅠ患者的宫颈石蜡包埋病理标本,随访后根据病理学确诊情况分为3组,CINⅡ、Ⅲ及宫颈癌组(进展组)13例、CINⅠ组(持续组)19例、正常或炎症组(转归组)23例。采用FISH技术检测不同组中宫颈石蜡包埋切片中h TERC基因扩增情况。结果:共有54例CINⅠ患者的宫颈石蜡包埋病理标本纳入研究,h TERC基因扩增阳性22例,其中进展组12例,持续组9例,转归组1例,阳性率分别为进展组100.00%,持续组47.37%,转归组4.35%。3组h TERC基因扩增阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。异常信号比2∶3、2∶4、4∶4和N∶≥5的细胞数比例3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:采用FISH技术检测宫颈石蜡包埋切片中h TERC基因扩增情况可以预测CINⅠ的进展和转归;异常信号比为4∶4和N∶≥5可能可以用来预测CINⅠ的进展。 Objective: To investigate the amplification of human telomerase RNA (hTERC) gene in cervical paraffin-embedded sections by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In the prediction of the progress and prognosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅰ value. Methods: Fifty-five patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups according to pathological diagnosis: CINⅡ, Ⅲ, cervical cancer group (progression group), CINⅠ group (19 cases) Normal or inflammatory group (outcome group) 23 cases. FISH was used to detect hTERC gene amplification in different groups of cervical paraffin-embedded sections. Results: Totally 54 cases of cervical paraffin-embedded pathological specimens of CINⅠ patients were enrolled in this study. There were 22 cases of hTERC amplification, including 12 cases in progression group, 9 cases in continuous group and 1 case in return group. The positive rates were 100.00 %, Continuing group 47.37%, return group 4.35%. The positive rate of TERC gene amplification in 3 groups was significantly different (P <0.01). The ratio of cells with abnormal signals of 2: 3, 2: 4, 4: 4 and N:> 5 was significantly different (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: FISH can detect the progression of CIN Ⅰ and prognosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by detecting the amplification of hTERC gene in cervical paraffin-embedded sections. The abnormal signal ratio of 4: 4 and N: ≥ 5 may be used to predict the progression of CINⅠ.