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建立了基于单模-多模-单模光纤结构和磁流体的全光纤电流传感器,此传感器能够通过检测透射光谱的特征波长漂移和传输损耗变化两种方法来探测电流。对于第一种方法,得到电流灵敏度为1243.7pm/A[77.9pm/Oe,1Oe=1/(4π)×103 A/m];对于第二种方法,传感特性依赖于波长的选择,分析了不同波长条件下传感器传输损耗的变化特性。结果表明:选择单波长时,传感特性受波长的影响,且传输损耗变化小,从而灵敏度小;使用宽波长范围内的总传输损耗时,传输损耗变化大,电流检测灵敏度大大加强,所得灵敏度为506.2dB/A(31.7dB/Oe),分别是单波长1529nm和1611nm下灵敏度的337倍和723倍。在自发辐射宽带光源入射条件下,利用探测器直接检测传感器输出光强的变化,得到26.8V/A(1.7V/Oe)的电流灵敏度。
An all-fiber current sensor based on single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure and magnetic fluid is established. The sensor can detect the current by detecting the characteristic wavelength shift and transmission loss variation of the transmission spectrum. For the first method, the current sensitivity was 1243.7 pm / A [77.9 pm / Oe, 1Oe = 1 / (4π) × 103 A / m]; for the second method, the sensing characteristics depended on the choice of wavelength, The characteristics of sensor transmission loss under different wavelength conditions. The results show that when the single wavelength is selected, the sensing characteristic is affected by the wavelength, and the variation of the transmission loss is small, so the sensitivity is small. When the total transmission loss in a wide wavelength range is used, the transmission loss changes greatly and the current detection sensitivity is greatly enhanced. Is 506.2 dB / A (31.7 dB / Oe), which is 337 times and 723 times the sensitivity at single wavelength of 1529 nm and 1611 nm, respectively. Under the conditions of spontaneous emission and broadband light source incident, the detector directly detects the change of light intensity of the sensor to obtain the current sensitivity of 26.8V / A (1.7V / Oe).