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为了深入认识深部巷道中岩爆的发生机制,研发了配备弹性储能模块的岩爆模拟试验系统对含预制圆形巷道(Φ=50mm)4种岩性模型(175mm×175mm×200mm)进行试验,通过调整初始应力水平和加载速率再现了不同岩性巷道岩爆事件.试验过程中利用高速摄像系统对巷道围岩破坏全过程进行实时监测和记录,结合破坏特征对巷道岩爆的发生过程和机理进行了分析和探讨.研究结果表明:巷道的破坏过程中均包含静力破坏、动静混合破坏、动力破坏3种形态,3种形态在破坏全过程时间轴上的显现阶段和显著度不同.对4种岩体岩爆破坏过程进行了阶段划分,揭示了不同力学性质岩体岩爆孕育发生的机制,分析岩爆发生的时间和空间分布特征,发现岩爆体外来能量的补充是岩爆发生的必要非充分条件.冲击倾向性指标R<1强度低弹塑性力学特征岩体的岩爆灾变过程的重现,为具有高支护强度的低强度松散煤体巷道冲击型岩爆灾变发生过程和机理的研究提供了新的认识,提出软弱(松散)岩体岩爆研究应以“围岩结构体”为研究对象.弹性储能模块的研发及研究成果为深部地下工程岩爆机理的研究提供了新的思路和认知.
In order to understand deeply the mechanism of rockburst in deep roadway, a rockburst simulation test system with elastic energy storage module was developed to test four kinds of lithology model (175mm × 175mm × 200mm) with prefabricated circular roadway (Φ = 50mm) , By the adjustment of the initial stress level and the loading rate to reproduce the rockburst of different lithology laneway.The high speed camera system is used to monitor and record the whole process of the surrounding rock destruction in real time during the test.Combining with the failure characteristics, Mechanism.The results show that all the three forms of static damage, static and dynamic mixed destruction and dynamic destruction are included in the process of roadway destruction, and the appearance phases and saliency of the three kinds of forms are different on the time axis of destruction. The rock blasting process of four types of rock mass is divided into stages. The mechanism of rock burst occurrence in rock masses with different mechanical properties is revealed. The time and space distribution characteristics of rock burst are analyzed. Necessary non-sufficient conditions for the occurrence of rock burst impact index R <1 strength low elasto-plastic mechanical characteristics of rock mass rock burst catastrophic process for the high support and strength This paper provides a new understanding of the process and mechanism of impact rockburst in low strength and loose coal roadway, and puts forward that the study of rockburst in soft (loose) rock mass should be based on “surrounding rock structure”. The research and development of the module and the research results provide new ideas and cognitions for the research on the rockburst mechanism of deep underground engineering.