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通过对膏体充填材料性能的研究,优化了膏体充填相似材料的配比,研制了实验室充填设备。以岱庄煤矿膏体充填开采为背景,考虑充填体强度变化过程,运用相似材料实验,研究了充填工作面覆岩的运动规律与充填体受压变形的过程。结果表明:矸石膏体充填开采充填体率为95%时,垮落法开采的直接顶R1、R2转换成基本顶,在推进方向上保持力的传递,并且R1、R2岩层运动具有一定的规律性;充填开采初期,上覆岩层是由煤柱和工作面煤壁支撑,R1、R2岩层初次断裂后,形成“煤柱—充填体—煤壁”共同支护顶板的结构,该结构体系可有效控制开采沉陷。模拟研究结果与现场实测相吻合。
Through the research on the performance of the paste filling material, the ratio of paste filling similar material is optimized, and the laboratory filling equipment is developed. Taking the process of paste filling and mining in Daizhuang Coal Mine as an example, considering the process of strength change of filling body, the law of overlying strata movement and the deformation process of filling body were studied by using similar materials. The results show that the direct top R1, R2 of mining by caving method is converted to basic roof when the filling rate of refuse filling is 95%, and the force is transmitted in propulsion direction, and the movement of R1 and R2 strata has certain rules In the initial stage of filling and mining, the overlying strata are supported by the coal pillar and the coal face of the working face. After the initial rupture of the R1 and R2 strata, a structure of “pillar-filler-coal wall” common support roof is formed, and the structure System can effectively control mining subsidence. The simulation results are consistent with the field measurements.