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非法证据是指证据的表现形式、收集或者提供证据的主体、取证程序、方法或手段不合法的证据,它起源于美国。刑讯逼供、暴力取证、追求破案率等是非法证据产生的主要原因。我国新刑事诉讼法第五十四条对非法证据的排除规则虽然做出了规定,但在实际操作中依然存在很多缺陷。本文欲探讨各种不同的非法证据的效力,以便从法律的高度实现刑事诉讼惩罚犯罪和保障人权的目标。
Illegal evidence refers to the manifestation of evidence, the subject of the evidence collected, or evidence provided, evidence procedures, methods or means of illegal evidence, it originated in the United States. Extorting confessions by torture, taking evidence of violence, pursuing the detection rate, etc. are the main reasons for illegitimate evidence. Although the rules of exclusion of illegal evidence in Article 54 of China’s new Criminal Procedure Law make provisions, there are still many shortcomings in the actual operation. This article attempts to explore the effectiveness of different kinds of illegal evidence in order to achieve the goal of criminal prosecution of crimes and safeguarding human rights from a legal standpoint.