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目的分析周口市流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行病学特征,为制定乙脑预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用Excel软件进行描述流行病学分析。结果周口市1990~2007年乙脑发病率呈下降趋势;发病季节前移;高发地区为周口市东南部的太康、商水县;发病者中<15岁占96.21%,发病者多在农村。结论预防控制乙脑应采取以免疫预防和灭蚊、防蚊为主导的综合性预防措施。提高乙脑疫苗接种率,开展乙脑病例监测,在高发地区及农村进行重点控制,是降低周口市乙脑发病率的必要手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Zhoukou City and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of JE. Methods Excel software was used to describe the epidemiological analysis. Results The incidence of Japanese encephalitis showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2007 in Zhoukou City. The onset of the disease season shifted forward. The high incidence areas were Taikang and Shangshui County in southeastern part of Zhoukou City. . Conclusion Prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis should take preventive and anti-mosquito, mosquito-dominated comprehensive preventive measures. Increasing the vaccination rate of Japanese encephalitis and monitoring the Japanese Encephalitis cases and carrying out key control in areas with high incidence and in rural areas are necessary measures to reduce the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Zhoukou City.