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在英语中，out既可作副词，也可作介词，常常表示“由……出来，到外面”。现在人们说某人out了，意思是他的观念过时了，其完整的英语短语是out of fashion。其实，out还有一个不为大家所熟悉的意思，那就是“发现，弄明白”。在新课程标准教材模块8的第三单元中有这样一个句子：
Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else’s. 直到研究发现你的产品的确与别人的不同，你才能获得专利。
在同一单元的learning tip中还有：
If you want to find out more about being an inventor, you can read some biographies of famous inventors. 如果你想了解如何做发明家的更多信息，你可以读著名发明家的传记。
经粗略统计，在新课程标准教材十一个模块的正式课文中(不包括练习)，find out这一短语前后出现了22次。在find out这一短语中，out的意思就是“发现，弄明白”。更重要的是，英语中，许多动词与out搭配都有类似的含义。
1. bring out表示“使……清楚”。例如：
I want to bring out clearly the issue that is involved. 我想弄清那个相关的问题。
2. come out表示“(结果)出来；(秘密，事实)被发现，暴露”。例如：
Sooner or later the truth will come out. 迟早事情的真相总会大白于天下。
Will you help me with this sum? It won’t come out. 你能帮助我算这道算术题吗?这道题算不出来。
3. find out表示“打听，了解，弄清楚”。例如：
He found out which family of moulds it belonged to and decided to call the chemical penicillin. 他查明了它属于哪一类霉菌，决定称它为盘尼西林。
4. figure out表示“算出，想出，理解，明白”。例如：
I need to figure out a name for my cat. 我要为我的猫想出一个名字。
5. get out表示“(费劲地)说出，给出答案”。例如：
Not a single boy in the class could get the problem out. 班上没有一男孩能给出那个题目的答案。
6. rule out表示“把……排除在外，认为……不合适”，从另一个角度，含有弄清楚哪些不属于那一类之意。例如：
Rule out neatly any words which you don’t wish the examiner to read. 把你不想让主考人看的词句整整齐齐地划掉。
7. make out表示“理解，弄清楚”。例如：
Can you make out what this means? 你能理解这是什么意思吗？
They could hardly make out where the road was in the darkness. 黑暗中他们难以辨认出路在哪里。
8. mark out表示“标出来，选定”，例如：
He’s the bosses’ blue-eyed boy, you can tell he’s been marked out for quick promotion. 他是老板们的宠儿，你可以看出来，他已经被选定迅速升职。
9. pick out常表示“挑选，剔出，辨别出”，也有“弄明白，领会”的意思。例如：
Goethe did not know Greek well and had to pick out its meaning by the help of a Latin dictionary. 歌德不大懂希腊语，必须借助拉丁语词典把意思弄明白。
10. point out表示“指出”。例如：
He pointed out that there was little chance of success. 他指出成功的可能性极小。
11. sort out表示“把……从某物中挑出来”，从另一角度，弄清楚事物是否属于那一类，是那一类就留下，将不是那一类的选出来。例如：
They tried to sort out the fakes from originals. 他们试图把赝品从真品中挑出来。
12. test out 翻译成“试验，考验”， 表示“通过测试弄清楚……是否合格”。例如：
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. 这项试验由拉里夫人克莱尔来尝试。
13. try out表示“试验，试用”，例如：
I should not like to express an opinion on the plan until it has been tried out. 在这项计划试行以前我不想对它发表意见。
14. turn out表示“最后结果是，最终成为”，例如：
Don’t worry. I’m sure it will turn out fine. 不要担心，我敢肯定最终会好起来的。 If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans. 万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。
15. work out表示“算出，想出，理解，明白”。例如：
They can use the height of the sun to work out their latitude. 他们能用太阳的高度测出海拔。
She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. 她还发现黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会系统。
通过这样的归类分析，我们可以更好地掌握这类短语。
练习
1. We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn’t quite______ as planned.
A. find out B. give out
C. hand out D. work out
2. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was______ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out
C. given out D. carried out
3.—I’m still working on my project.
—Oh，you’ll miss the deadline. Time is _______.
A. running out B. going out
C. giving out D. losing out
4. Thousands of people______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A．turned on B. turned in
C．turned around D. turned out
5. The experiment has______ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A. found out B. pointed out
C. ruled out D. carried out
6. A different figure______ each time I add them.
A. worked out B. came out
C. got out D. found out
7. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to______.
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it up D. make it over
8. Frankly speaking, it is difficult for me to make______ what he is saying.
A. of B. out C. from D. into
9. They found to their surprise that the goddess turned______ a very modern-looking woman.
A. out to be B. up to
C. around D. off to be
10. Students are always interested in finding out______ they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far______ B. how soon
C. how often D. how long
参考答案
1～5 DCADC
6～10 BABAD
Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else’s. 直到研究发现你的产品的确与别人的不同，你才能获得专利。
在同一单元的learning tip中还有：
If you want to find out more about being an inventor, you can read some biographies of famous inventors. 如果你想了解如何做发明家的更多信息，你可以读著名发明家的传记。
经粗略统计，在新课程标准教材十一个模块的正式课文中(不包括练习)，find out这一短语前后出现了22次。在find out这一短语中，out的意思就是“发现，弄明白”。更重要的是，英语中，许多动词与out搭配都有类似的含义。
1. bring out表示“使……清楚”。例如：
I want to bring out clearly the issue that is involved. 我想弄清那个相关的问题。
2. come out表示“(结果)出来；(秘密，事实)被发现，暴露”。例如：
Sooner or later the truth will come out. 迟早事情的真相总会大白于天下。
Will you help me with this sum? It won’t come out. 你能帮助我算这道算术题吗?这道题算不出来。
3. find out表示“打听，了解，弄清楚”。例如：
He found out which family of moulds it belonged to and decided to call the chemical penicillin. 他查明了它属于哪一类霉菌，决定称它为盘尼西林。
4. figure out表示“算出，想出，理解，明白”。例如：
I need to figure out a name for my cat. 我要为我的猫想出一个名字。
5. get out表示“(费劲地)说出，给出答案”。例如：
Not a single boy in the class could get the problem out. 班上没有一男孩能给出那个题目的答案。
6. rule out表示“把……排除在外，认为……不合适”，从另一个角度，含有弄清楚哪些不属于那一类之意。例如：
Rule out neatly any words which you don’t wish the examiner to read. 把你不想让主考人看的词句整整齐齐地划掉。
7. make out表示“理解，弄清楚”。例如：
Can you make out what this means? 你能理解这是什么意思吗？
They could hardly make out where the road was in the darkness. 黑暗中他们难以辨认出路在哪里。
8. mark out表示“标出来，选定”，例如：
He’s the bosses’ blue-eyed boy, you can tell he’s been marked out for quick promotion. 他是老板们的宠儿，你可以看出来，他已经被选定迅速升职。
9. pick out常表示“挑选，剔出，辨别出”，也有“弄明白，领会”的意思。例如：
Goethe did not know Greek well and had to pick out its meaning by the help of a Latin dictionary. 歌德不大懂希腊语，必须借助拉丁语词典把意思弄明白。
10. point out表示“指出”。例如：
He pointed out that there was little chance of success. 他指出成功的可能性极小。
11. sort out表示“把……从某物中挑出来”，从另一角度，弄清楚事物是否属于那一类，是那一类就留下，将不是那一类的选出来。例如：
They tried to sort out the fakes from originals. 他们试图把赝品从真品中挑出来。
12. test out 翻译成“试验，考验”， 表示“通过测试弄清楚……是否合格”。例如：
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. 这项试验由拉里夫人克莱尔来尝试。
13. try out表示“试验，试用”，例如：
I should not like to express an opinion on the plan until it has been tried out. 在这项计划试行以前我不想对它发表意见。
14. turn out表示“最后结果是，最终成为”，例如：
Don’t worry. I’m sure it will turn out fine. 不要担心，我敢肯定最终会好起来的。 If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans. 万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。
15. work out表示“算出，想出，理解，明白”。例如：
They can use the height of the sun to work out their latitude. 他们能用太阳的高度测出海拔。
She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. 她还发现黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会系统。
通过这样的归类分析，我们可以更好地掌握这类短语。
练习
1. We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn’t quite______ as planned.
A. find out B. give out
C. hand out D. work out
2. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was______ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out
C. given out D. carried out
3.—I’m still working on my project.
—Oh，you’ll miss the deadline. Time is _______.
A. running out B. going out
C. giving out D. losing out
4. Thousands of people______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A．turned on B. turned in
C．turned around D. turned out
5. The experiment has______ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A. found out B. pointed out
C. ruled out D. carried out
6. A different figure______ each time I add them.
A. worked out B. came out
C. got out D. found out
7. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to______.
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it up D. make it over
8. Frankly speaking, it is difficult for me to make______ what he is saying.
A. of B. out C. from D. into
9. They found to their surprise that the goddess turned______ a very modern-looking woman.
A. out to be B. up to
C. around D. off to be
10. Students are always interested in finding out______ they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far______ B. how soon
C. how often D. how long
参考答案
1～5 DCADC
6～10 BABAD