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最高额保证作为保证担保的一种特殊形式,在当前市场经济活动中被频繁使用,但我国法律对此规定并不完善,许多实务中的困惑和纠纷法律未能予以明确,如最高额保证中所规定的“最高限额”是指保证人所最终承担的保证责任而言,即包含利息、违约金、实现债权费用等从债权,还是仅限于主合同所约定的主债权本身?若将“最高限额”内容理解为前者,则可否通过当事人意思自治,约定将“最高限额”限定为主债权,即约定“本金最高额”呢?诸如此类的问题,理论界看法不一。本文拟对当前存在的不同理论观点进行分析梳理,结合最高额保证制度的立法目的,提出自己的见解。
As a special form of guarantee, the maximum amount of guarantee is used frequently in the current market economy. However, our country’s law does not provide perfect rules for it. Many practical puzzles and dispute laws can not be clearly defined, for example, the maximum amount of guarantee The stipulated “ceiling ” refers to the guarantor’s ultimate guarantee liability, that is, including interest, liquidated damages, the realization of the cost of debt from the creditor’s rights, or is it limited to the main contract agreed to the main debt itself? If the “The maximum amount of” content is understood as the former, the parties can autonomy, agreed to limit the “ceiling” as the main claim, that is, the agreement “the maximum principal amount of money,” and so on, the theoretical view is not one. This article intends to analyze and sort out the different existing theoretical points and puts forward my own opinions according to the legislative purpose of the maximum guarantee system.