目的　探讨乳山市 1996～ 1998年夏秋季病毒性脑膜脑炎的流行特征及病原学特点 ,探讨有效治疗措施。方法　开展流行病学调查。对患儿的粪便、脑脊液进行病毒分离 ,检测血清病毒特异性抗体。同时对住院的患儿进行临床观察 ,并随机分为三个治疗组 ,观察各组的疗效。结果　从 5 0例患儿粪便中分离出 2 2株病毒 ,经鉴定为柯萨奇病毒 (CVB) ,分型为CVB516株、CVB34株、CVB11株 ,未能分型 1株 ,CVB IgM 87 5 % (98/ 112 )阳性 ,CVB IgG滴度测定恢复期 78% (39/ 5 0 )呈 4倍以上增高。学龄前、学龄期儿童易感 ;40 5 %的患儿病前有不洁饮食史 ;病情轻 ,愈后好 ;干扰素治疗组的疗效明显优于其他两组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　此次脑膜脑炎流行由CVB组病毒所致 ,传播途径以消化道为主 ,干扰素治疗疗效明显 Objective To explore the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral meningoencephalitis in Rushan from 1996 to 1998 and to discuss the effective treatment measures. Methods To carry out epidemiological investigation. Children’s stool, cerebrospinal fluid virus isolation, detection of serum virus-specific antibodies. At the same time, the hospitalized children were observed and randomly divided into three treatment groups to observe the curative effect of each group. Results A total of 22 strains of viruses were isolated from the feces of 50 children and identified as Coxsackievirus CVB516, CVB34 and CVB11, and 1 strain could not be identified. CVB IgM 87 5 % (98/112) were positive, and CVB IgG titers were recovered more than 4 times in 78% (39/50) of convalescent cases. Pre-school, school-age children susceptible; 40 5% of the children had a history of unclean diet before; light condition, better prognosis; interferon treatment group was significantly better than the other two groups (P <0.01). Conclusion The epidemic of meningoencephalitis caused by the CVB group of viruses, the main route of transmission to the digestive tract, interferon treatment was effective