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糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病病人最重要的合并症之一。肾脏所有的结构,从肾小球、肾血管、肾小管直至肾间质,可以有不同的病理改变和临床意义,包括与代谢异常有关的肾小球硬化症,细动脉性肾硬化症、以及感染性的肾盂肾炎和肾乳头坏死。但其中只有糖尿病性肾小球硬化症与糖尿病有直接关系,故又称为“糖尿病性肾病”。自从胰岛索应用以来,糖尿病人的急性合并症有所下降,糖尿病病人寿命延长,但糖尿病人的慢性合并症逐渐增多,病程在10~20年的病人,无论年龄多大,约有50%发生临床肾脏病。一旦发生肾脏损害,往往是进行性发展直到肾功能衰竭。本文就DN的早期诊断方法及预防措施作一探讨。
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important comorbidities in diabetic patients. All of the structures of the kidney, ranging from the glomeruli, renal vessels, tubules up to the renal interstitium, can have different pathological and clinical implications, including glomerulosclerosis, arteriosclerotic nephrosclerosis associated with metabolic disorders, and Infectious pyelonephritis and renal papillary necrosis. But only diabetic glomerulosclerosis and diabetes are directly related, it is also known as “diabetic nephropathy ”. Since the application of pancreatic islets, the acute complication of diabetic patients has decreased, and the life span of diabetic patients has been prolonged. However, the chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is gradually increased. About 50% of the patients whose disease course is 10 to 20 years old are clinically kidney disease. In the event of kidney damage, progressive development is often delayed until renal failure. This article on the DN early diagnosis methods and preventive measures to make a discussion.