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除宪法规定的平等原则外,我国法律法规对采集和使用公民的民族信息未做任何具体限制。在各种需要填写个人信息的表格中,民族信息往往都是必填项。实事求是地重新评估现有民族识别和民族信息采集体制的利与弊,是改革现行民族关系法制体系的基础。采集公民民族信息的行为,在一些法治比较发达的多民族国家是受法律不同程度限制的,其中有的国家完全禁止采集公民的民族信息。采集公民民族信息的主要用途是根据民族对公民进行分类并差别对待。无限制地采集公民民族信息并差别对待,有违法律面前人人平等的宪法原则,对国家统一和民族团结也弊多利少。中国平衡发展需要正视区域差异,淡化民族差异。依据宪法有关规定和精神采取立法措施限制采集公民民族信息,十分必要。
In addition to the principle of equality stipulated by the Constitution, China’s laws and regulations make no specific restriction on collecting and using citizen’s ethnic information. Of all the forms that require personal information, national information is often required. Realistically seeking to reassess the pros and cons of the existing national identity and national information gathering system is the basis for reforming the existing legal system of ethnic relations. The acquisition of citizens’ nationality information is restricted by law to some extent in some developed multi-ethnic countries under the rule of law. Some of them completely forbid the collection of citizen’s nationality information. The main purpose of collecting citizen’s national information is to classify and discriminate citizens according to their nationality. Unrestricted collection of citizen ethnic information and differential treatment, contrary to the principle of equality before the law of the constitutional principle, national reunification and national unity are also more harm than good. The balanced development of China needs to face up to regional differences and dilute ethnic differences. It is necessary to take legislative measures to restrict the collection of citizen’s national information according to the relevant provisions and spirit of the Constitution.